An initial SPSC ring buffer implementation.

This still requires tests, but it is using atomics and UnsafeCell to
create a lock free way of accessing the buffer data.

.gitignore

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 # Added by cargo
-
+.*.swp
 /target

src/lib.rs

@@ -14,3 +14,4 @@
 
 pub mod basic;
 pub mod adv_async;
+pub mod ring_buffer;

src/ring_buffer.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
+use core::cell::UnsafeCell;
+
+
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum BufferError
+{
+   InvalidCapacity,
+   Full,
+   Empty
+}
+
+
+
+/// A heapless SPSC RingBuffer.
+///
+/// - T is the type to store in the buffer.
+/// - N is the size of the buffer.
+pub struct RingBuffer<T, const N: usize>
+{
+   buffer: [UnsafeCell<T>; N],
+   head: AtomicUsize,
+   tail: AtomicUsize
+}
+
+
+
+unsafe impl<T: Send, const N: usize> Send for RingBuffer<T, N> {}
+
+
+impl<T: Copy + Default, const N: usize> RingBuffer<T, N>
+{
+   /// Create a new RingBuffer that can hold N items of type T.
+   ///
+   /// # T
+   /// - Must implement Default.
+   ///
+   /// # Capacity
+   /// - Must be greater than 0.
+   /// - Faster operations if capacity is a power of 2.
+   pub fn new() -> Result<Self, BufferError>
+   {
+      if N == 0 { return Err(BufferError::InvalidCapacity) }
+
+      Ok(RingBuffer
+         {
+            buffer: core::array::from_fn(|_| UnsafeCell::new(T::default())),
+            head: AtomicUsize::new(0),
+            tail: AtomicUsize::new(0)
+         })
+   }
+
+   pub fn push(&self, value: T) -> Result<(), BufferError>
+   {
+      // Obtain tail and head.
+      let tail = self.tail.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+      let head = self.head.load(Ordering::Acquire);
+
+      // Check if the buffer is Full.
+      if tail.wrapping_sub(head) == N { return Err(BufferError::Full); }
+
+      // Add the item to the buffer. Here we are using the faster bit
+      // masking if the capacity is a power of two. Otherwise we do the
+      // division.
+      let index = get_index(tail, N);
+
+      unsafe
+      {
+         *self.buffer[index].get() = value;
+      }
+
+      // Increment and store the new tail position.
+      self.tail.store(tail.wrapping_add(1), Ordering::Release);
+
+      Ok(())
+   }
+
+   pub fn pop(&self) -> Result<T, BufferError>
+   {
+      // Obtain head and tail.
+      let head = self.head.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+      let tail = self.tail.load(Ordering::Acquire);
+
+      // Check if the buffer is empty.
+      if head == tail { return Err(BufferError::Empty); }
+
+      // Get the item from the buffer. Here we are using the faster bit
+      // masking if the capacity is a power of two. Otherwise we do the
+      // division.
+      let index = get_index(head, N);
+      let value = unsafe { *self.buffer[index].get() };
+
+      // Increment the head to the next item.
+      self.head.store(head.wrapping_add(1), Ordering::Release);
+
+      Ok(value)
+   }
+}
+
+
+// Use the faster bit masking if the capacity is a power of two.
+// Otherwise we do the division. This should get optimized away.
+#[inline(always)]
+fn get_index(pos: usize, cap: usize) -> usize
+{
+   if cap.is_power_of_two() { pos & (cap - 1) } else { pos % cap }
+}