sigils/src/number.rs

use std::cmp::PartialEq;
use std::mem::size_of;
use std::num::{Zero, One};
use std::ops::{Add, Sub, Mul, Div, Rem};
use std::str::FromStr;

use super::bounded::Bounded;


/// A trait that defines what is required to be considered
/// a number.
pub trait Number : Zero + One + Add<Output=Self> + Sub<Output=Self> +
                   Mul<Output=Self> + Div<Output=Self> + Rem<Output=Self> +
                   PartialEq + Copy + Clone
{
   type StrRadixError;


   /// Create a number from a given string and base radix.
   ///
   ///```
   /// // Parse the hex value "FF" into an i32.
   /// // Hex values have a radix (base) of 16.
   /// use sigils::Number;
   ///
   /// let x: i32 = Number::from_str_radix("FF", 16u32).unwrap();
   /// # assert_eq!(x, 255i32);
   ///```
   fn from_str_radix(src: &str, radix: u32) ->
      Result<Self, Self::StrRadixError>;
}

/// A trait that defines converting something to a Number.
pub trait ToNumber
{
   /// Convert this to an u8.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn to_u8(&self) -> Option<u8>
   {
      let option: Option<u64>;

      option = self.to_u64();
      match option
      {
         Some(val) =>
         {
            val.to_u8()
         }

         None =>
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }

   /// Convert this to an u16.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn to_u16(&self) -> Option<u16>
   {
      let option: Option<u64>;

      option = self.to_u64();
      match option
      {
         Some(val) =>
         {
            val.to_u16()
         }

         None =>
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }

   /// Convert this to an u32.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn to_u32(&self) -> Option<u32>
   {
      let option: Option<u64>;

      option = self.to_u64();
      match option
      {
         Some(val) =>
         {
            val.to_u32()
         }

         None =>
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }

   /// Convert this to an u64.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn to_u64(&self) -> Option<u64>;

   /// Convert this to an usize.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn to_usize(&self) -> Option<usize>
   {
      let option: Option<u64>;

      option = self.to_u64();
      match option
      {
         Some(val) =>
         {
            val.to_usize()
         }

         None =>
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }


   /// Convert this to an i8.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn to_i8(&self) -> Option<i8>
   {
      let option: Option<i64>;

      option = self.to_i64();
      match option
      {
         Some(val) =>
         {
            val.to_i8()
         }

         None =>
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }

   /// Convert this to an i16.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn to_i16(&self) -> Option<i16>
   {
      let option: Option<i64>;

      option = self.to_i64();
      match option
      {
         Some(val) =>
         {
            val.to_i16()
         }

         None =>
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }

   /// Convert this to an i32.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn to_i32(&self) -> Option<i32>
   {
      let option: Option<i64>;

      option = self.to_i64();
      match option
      {
         Some(val) =>
         {
            val.to_i32()
         }

         None =>
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }

   /// Convert this to an i64.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn to_i64(&self) -> Option<i64>;

   /// Convert this to an isize.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn to_isize(&self) -> Option<isize>
   {
      let option: Option<i64>;

      option = self.to_i64();
      match option
      {
         Some(val) =>
         {
            val.to_isize()
         }

         None =>
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }


   /// Convert this to an f32.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn to_f32(&self) -> Option<f32>
   {
      let option: Option<f64>;

      option = self.to_f64();
      match option
      {
         Some(val) =>
         {
            val.to_f32()
         }

         None =>
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }

   /// Convert this to an f64.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn to_f64(&self) -> Option<f64>
   {
      let option: Option<i64>;

      option = self.to_i64();
      match option
      {
         Some(val) =>
         {
            val.to_f64()
         }

         None =>
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }
}

/// A trait that defines convertung a Number to something else.
pub trait FromNumber : Sized
{
   /// Convert an i8 to an optional value of this type.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn from_i8(number: i8) -> Option<Self>
   {
      FromNumber::from_i64(number as i64)
   }

   /// Convert an i16 to an optional value of this type.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn from_i16(number: i16) -> Option<Self>
   {
      FromNumber::from_i64(number as i64)
   }

   /// Convert an i32 to an optional value of this type.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn from_i32(number: i32) -> Option<Self>
   {
      FromNumber::from_i64(number as i64)
   }

   /// Convert an i64 to an optional value of this type.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn from_i64(number: i64) -> Option<Self>;

   /// Convert an isize to an optional value of this type.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn from_isize(number: isize) -> Option<Self>
   {
      FromNumber::from_i64(number as i64)
   }


   /// Convert an u8 to an optional value of this type.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn from_u8(number: u8) -> Option<Self>
   {
      FromNumber::from_u64(number as u64)
   }

   /// Convert an u16 to an optional value of this type.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn from_u16(number: u16) -> Option<Self>
   {
      FromNumber::from_u64(number as u64)
   }

   /// Convert an u32 to an optional value of this type.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn from_u32(number: u32) -> Option<Self>
   {
      FromNumber::from_u64(number as u64)
   }

   /// Convert an u64 to an optional value of this type.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn from_u64(number: u64) -> Option<Self>;

   /// Convert an usize to an optional value of this type.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn from_usize(number: usize) -> Option<Self>
   {
      FromNumber::from_u64(number as u64)
   }


   /// Convert an f32 to an optional value of this type.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn from_f32(number: f32) -> Option<Self>
   {
      FromNumber::from_f64(number as f64)
   }

   /// Convert an f64 to an optional value of this type.
   /// None is returned if the conversion is not possible.
   fn from_f64(number: f64) -> Option<Self>
   {
      FromNumber::from_i64(number as i64)
   }
}


// Create some macros to ease typing and reading.
macro_rules! convert_int_to_int
{
   ($srcType: ty, $dstType: ty, $val: expr) =>
   {
      {
         let num: i64;
         let min_value: $dstType;
         let max_value: $dstType;

         num = $val as i64;
         min_value = Bounded::min_value();
         max_value = Bounded::max_value();

         if (min_value as i64) <= num && num <= (max_value as i64)
         {
            Some($val as $dstType)
         }
         else
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }
}

macro_rules! convert_int_to_uint
{
   ($srcType: ty, $dstType: ty, $val: expr) =>
   {
      {
         let zero: $srcType;
         let max_value: $dstType;

         zero = Zero::zero();
         max_value = Bounded::max_value();

         if zero <= $val && ($val as u64) <= (max_value as u64)
         {
            Some($val as $dstType)
         }
         else
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }
}

macro_rules! convert_uint_to_int
{
   ($dstType: ty, $val: expr) =>
   {
      {
         let max_value: $dstType;

         max_value = Bounded::max_value();
         if ($val as u64) <= (max_value as u64)
         {
            Some($val as $dstType)
         }
         else
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }
}

macro_rules! convert_uint_to_uint
{
   ($srcType: ty, $dstType: ty, $val: expr) =>
   {
      if size_of::<$srcType>() <= size_of::<$dstType>()
      {
         Some($val as $dstType)
      }
      else
      {
         let zero: $srcType;
         let max_value: $dstType;

         zero = Zero::zero();
         max_value = Bounded::max_value();

         if zero <= $val && ($val as u64) <= (max_value as u64)
         {
            Some($val as $dstType)
         }
         else
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }
}

macro_rules! convert_float_to_float
{
   ($srcType: ty, $dstType: ty, $val: expr) =>
   {
      if size_of::<$srcType>() <= size_of::<$dstType>()
      {
         Some($val as $dstType)
      }
      else
      {
         let num: f64;
         let min_value: $srcType;
         let max_value: $srcType;

         num = $val as f64;
         min_value = Bounded::min_value();
         max_value = Bounded::max_value();

         if (min_value as f64) <= num && num <= (max_value as f64)
         {
            Some($val as $dstType)
         }
         else
         {
            None
         }
      }
   }
}

macro_rules! int_to_number_impl
{
   ($traitName: ident for $($varType: ty)*) =>
   ($(
      impl $traitName for $varType
      {
         fn to_u8(&self) -> Option<u8>
         {
            convert_int_to_uint!($varType, u8, *self)
         }

         fn to_u16(&self) -> Option<u16>
         {
            convert_int_to_uint!($varType, u16, *self)
         }

         fn to_u32(&self) -> Option<u32>
         {
            convert_int_to_uint!($varType, u32, *self)
         }

         fn to_u64(&self) -> Option<u64>
         {
            convert_int_to_uint!($varType, u64, *self)
         }

         fn to_usize(&self) -> Option<usize>
         {
            convert_int_to_uint!($varType, usize, *self)
         }


         fn to_i8(&self) -> Option<i8>
         {
            convert_int_to_int!($varType, i8, *self)
         }

         fn to_i16(&self) -> Option<i16>
         {
            convert_int_to_int!($varType, i16, *self)
         }

         fn to_i32(&self) -> Option<i32>
         {
            convert_int_to_int!($varType, i32, *self)
         }

         fn to_i64(&self) -> Option<i64>
         {
            convert_int_to_int!($varType, i64, *self)
         }

         fn to_isize(&self) -> Option<isize>
         {
            convert_int_to_int!($varType, isize, *self)
         }


         fn to_f32(&self) -> Option<f32>
         {
            Some(*self as f32)
         }

         fn to_f64(&self) -> Option<f64>
         {
            Some(*self as f64)
         }
      }
   )*)
}

macro_rules! uint_to_number_impl
{
   ($traitName: ident for $($varType: ty)*) =>
   ($(
      impl $traitName for $varType
      {
         fn to_u8(&self) -> Option<u8>
         {
            convert_uint_to_uint!($varType, u8, *self)
         }

         fn to_u16(&self) -> Option<u16>
         {
            convert_uint_to_uint!($varType, u16, *self)
         }

         fn to_u32(&self) -> Option<u32>
         {
            convert_uint_to_uint!($varType, u32, *self)
         }

         fn to_u64(&self) -> Option<u64>
         {
            convert_uint_to_uint!($varType, u64, *self)
         }

         fn to_usize(&self) -> Option<usize>
         {
            convert_uint_to_uint!($varType, usize, *self)
         }


         fn to_i8(&self) -> Option<i8>
         {
            convert_uint_to_int!(i8, *self)
         }

         fn to_i16(&self) -> Option<i16>
         {
            convert_uint_to_int!(i16, *self)
         }

         fn to_i32(&self) -> Option<i32>
         {
            convert_uint_to_int!(i32, *self)
         }

         fn to_i64(&self) -> Option<i64>
         {
            convert_uint_to_int!(i64, *self)
         }

         fn to_isize(&self) -> Option<isize>
         {
            convert_uint_to_int!(isize, *self)
         }


         fn to_f32(&self) -> Option<f32>
         {
            Some(*self as f32)
         }

         fn to_f64(&self) -> Option<f64>
         {
            Some(*self as f64)
         }
      }
   )*)
}

macro_rules! float_to_number_impl
{
   ($traitName: ident for $($varType: ty)*) =>
   ($(
      impl $traitName for $varType
      {
         fn to_u8(&self) -> Option<u8>
         {
            Some(*self as u8)
         }

         fn to_u16(&self) -> Option<u16>
         {
            Some(*self as u16)
         }

         fn to_u32(&self) -> Option<u32>
         {
            Some(*self as u32)
         }

         fn to_u64(&self) -> Option<u64>
         {
            Some(*self as u64)
         }

         fn to_usize(&self) -> Option<usize>
         {
            Some(*self as usize)
         }


         fn to_i8(&self) -> Option<i8>
         {
            Some(*self as i8)
         }

         fn to_i16(&self) -> Option<i16>
         {
            Some(*self as i16)
         }

         fn to_i32(&self) -> Option<i32>
         {
            Some(*self as i32)
         }

         fn to_i64(&self) -> Option<i64>
         {
            Some(*self as i64)
         }

         fn to_isize(&self) -> Option<isize>
         {
            Some(*self as isize)
         }


         fn to_f32(&self) -> Option<f32>
         {
            convert_float_to_float!($varType, f32, *self)
         }

         fn to_f64(&self) -> Option<f64>
         {
            convert_float_to_float!($varType, f64, *self)
         }
      }
   )*)
}

macro_rules! from_number_impl
{
   ($varType: ty, $toTypeFunc: ident) =>
   {
      impl FromNumber for $varType
      {
         fn from_u8(number: u8) -> Option<$varType>
         {
            number.$toTypeFunc()
         }

         fn from_u16(number: u16) -> Option<$varType>
         {
            number.$toTypeFunc()
         }

         fn from_u32(number: u32) -> Option<$varType>
         {
            number.$toTypeFunc()
         }

         fn from_u64(number: u64) -> Option<$varType>
         {
            number.$toTypeFunc()
         }


         fn from_i8(number: i8) -> Option<$varType>
         {
            number.$toTypeFunc()
         }

         fn from_i16(number: i16) -> Option<$varType>
         {
            number.$toTypeFunc()
         }

         fn from_i32(number: i32) -> Option<$varType>
         {
            number.$toTypeFunc()
         }

         fn from_i64(number: i64) -> Option<$varType>
         {
            number.$toTypeFunc()
         }


         fn from_f32(number: f32) -> Option<$varType>
         {
            number.$toTypeFunc()
         }

         fn from_f64(number: f64) -> Option<$varType>
         {
            number.$toTypeFunc()
         }
      }
   }
}

/// A macro to make implementing the Number trait easier for all the
/// base integer types in rust.
macro_rules! int_number_trait_impl
{
   ($traitName: ident for $($varType: ty)*) =>
   ($(
      impl $traitName for $varType
      {
         type StrRadixError = ::std::num::ParseIntError;


         fn from_str_radix(src: &str, radix: u32) ->
            Result<Self, ::std::num::ParseIntError>
         {
            <$varType>::from_str_radix(src, radix)
         }
      }
   )*)
}

/// A macro to make implementing the Number trait easier for all the
/// base float types in rust.
macro_rules! float_number_trait_impl
{
   ($traitName: ident for $($varType: ty, $numBytes: expr)*) =>
   ($(
      impl $traitName for $varType
      {
         type StrRadixError = ::std::num::ParseFloatError;


         fn from_str_radix(src: &str, radix: u32) ->
            Result<Self, ::std::num::ParseFloatError>
         {
            // TODO: Currently this will panic on a non base 10 radix.
            //       This is because the std library deprecated the
            //       from_str_radix function. Until a function can be
            //       written this will use the from_str function and
            //       panic for non base 10 requests.
            assert!(radix == 10);
            <$varType>::from_str(src)
         }
      }
   )*)
}


// Implement the Number trait for the types that are Numbers.
int_number_trait_impl!(Number for u8 u16 u32 u64 usize);
int_number_trait_impl!(Number for i8 i16 i32 i64 isize);
float_number_trait_impl!(Number for f32, 4 f64, 8);

// Implement the ToNumber and FromNumber traits for
// the types that are Numbers. The FromNumber trait needs
// to be defined after ToNumber since FromNumber uses
// ToNumber definitions.
uint_to_number_impl!(ToNumber for u8 u16 u32 u64 usize);
int_to_number_impl!(ToNumber for i8 i16 i32 i64 isize);
float_to_number_impl!(ToNumber for f32 f64);

from_number_impl!(u8, to_u8);
from_number_impl!(u16, to_u16);
from_number_impl!(u32, to_u32);
from_number_impl!(u64, to_u64);
from_number_impl!(usize, to_usize);

from_number_impl!(i8, to_i8);
from_number_impl!(i16, to_i16);
from_number_impl!(i32, to_i32);
from_number_impl!(i64, to_i64);
from_number_impl!(isize, to_isize);

from_number_impl!(f32, to_f32);
from_number_impl!(f64, to_f64);